| 921 |
Coal Mining, Mark R. Wilson(
Authored Entry
) ...a century. Mining activity was centered at a town named for James Braidwood , a Scottish emigrant...
...was consumed in Chicago. By this time, the town was dominated by Chicago-based C&W, which employed...
...only a generation. By the 1960s, the last coal mining operations in the Chicago region were closed....
|
| 922 |
Philip Klutznick: Shopping as a Real-Estate Deal, (
Authored Entry
) ...stockholder was the Sam Bronfman family. Sam was an old friend whom I used to see in New York when I...
...subsequent involvement in the creation of Oak Brook and Old Orchard Shopping Centers related to his...
...that shopping centers could play in suburban life. Old Orchard, designed as an outdoor, unenclosed...
|
| 923 |
Uruguayans, Robert Morrissey(
Authored Entry
) ...increasing population of roughly 500 Uruguayans in Chicago, with an additional 100 or 200 living in...
...Although some Uruguayans came to Chicago for the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 and...
...Eucharistic Congress of 1926, very few settled in Chicago permanently before 1940. The first influx...
|
| 924 |
Back of the Yards, James R. Barrett(
Authored Entry
) ...the city worked to develop a new manufacturing district on the site of the old Union Stock Yard, the...
...newer residents resumed the old struggle to maintain a strong community. i3404 Aerial view of the...
...of meatpacking in the neighborhood. Part of the town of Lake until annexation by Chicago in 1889,...
|
| 925 |
Softball, Robert Pruter(
Authored Entry
) ...the game back to indoor baseball , invented in Chicago in 1887 using a ball with a circumference of...
...a 13-inch ball. Around 1907 indoor baseball in Chicago began to move outdoors, as the game rapidly...
...on the city's playgrounds . That same year, Chicago's park, school, and church associations formally...
|
| 926 |
Kindergarten Movement, Roberta Wollons(
Authored Entry
) ...Froebel, German creator of the kindergarten. Chicago was an early center of innovations linking the...
...and settlement work, and John Dewey's progressive education reforms at the University of Chicago ....
...The Chicago founder was Alice Putnam, who began the first kindergarten study club in 1874. She...
|
| 927 |
Jefferson Park, Marilyn Elizabeth Perry(
Authored Entry
) ...or rest. In 1855 a resident recorded that the town consisted of approximately 50 buildings. When the...
...Chicago & North Western) laid tracks and built a depot near the town's center, population grew....
...The town of Jefferson was incorporated in 1872 and annexed by Chicago in 1889. In 1884 an estimated...
|
| 928 |
School Desegregation, John L. Rury(
Authored Entry
) ...halfhearted efforts in the late 1960s and 1970s, Chicago never developed an exchange program between...
...School desegregation became an issue in Chicago during the years following World War II , as the...
...remained a controversial issue in Chicago, and plans to achieve integration contributed to white...
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| 929 |
Public Broadcasting, Allyson Hobbs(
Authored Entry
) ...international news and its ability to reach Chicago's international listening communities. Listeners...
...radio stations, including the University of Chicago 's WHPK (88.5 FM), Loyola University 's WLUW (...
...of a noncommercial television channel in Chicago. With enthusiastic viewer support and sufficient...
|
| 930 |
Antecedents and Inspirations, Carl Smith(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Essay)
) ...in Chicago, "the great work of breaking through the old city, of opening it to light and air, and of...
...sometimes in convenient proximity to the old, as George Pullman did in constructing Pullman in the...
...coauthor of the Plan of Chicago , thirty-year-old Edward Bennett, with whom he had first worked on...
|
| 931 |
Set Design, Robert R. Boyle(
Authored Entry
) ...enhance set design in Chicago, resurrecting old Chicago Civic Opera productions from the warehouse...
...destroyed nearly every theater building in town, to the Iroquois Theatre fire in 1903, resulted in...
...is no longer an inhibiting force, and two Chicago productions transferred from Chicago to Broadway...
|
| 932 |
Lemont, IL, John D. Schroeder(
Authored Entry
) ...of a new urban core on the southern edge of town. This new center was unabashedly modern in tone,...
...the displacement of indians was the “paper town” of Keepataw, platted in 1836, followed by Athens in...
...its identity as a small, spatially distinct canal town; with the growth of these religious and...
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| 933 |
Overview, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...and ran the terminus of the first railroad in Chicago right to the banks of the north branch....
...He worked to gain for the Chicago Canal and Dock Company (he was a...
...major investor) control of property along the Chicago River and adjacent Lake Michigan, even hiring...
|
| 934 |
Cubans, Mirza L. González(
Authored Entry
) ...social status who had been picked up by U.S. Coast Guard ships, beginning in 1990. By the end of...
...of Cuban American identity and political culture . Chicago has harbored various Cuban political...
...Cubans began migrating to Chicago during the 1950s. A few were attracted by economic opportunities,...
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| 935 |
Finns, Timo Riippa(
Authored Entry
) ...the Swedes in the Near North Side and West Town neighborhoods, where a small but scattered Finnish...
...women. The small Finnish community within Swede Town underwent growth in its businesses, churches,...
...why there were only four or five hundred Finns in Chicago, a figure that paled in comparison to the...
|
| 936 |
Americanization, James R. Barrett(
Authored Entry
) ...But the process also has involved answering the old question of what it meant to be an American....
...Each of Chicago's immigrants has had to come to terms with a new life in a large American city....
...born people. Formal Americanization efforts in Chicago were sparse and rather subdued until 1917–...
|
| 937 |
Automobile Parts, Mark R. Wilson(
Authored Entry
) ...of foreign companies. At the end of the century, Chicago-area companies continued to participate in...
...The manufacture of automobile parts was never one of Chicago's largest industries. Nevertheless, the...
...parts industry cannot be written without Chicago-based companies. The production and distribution of...
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| 938 |
Connecting Houses to Water Networks, Page 1, Ann Durkin Keating(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Photo Essay)
) ...commuters moved out to new suburban rail towns, they were confronted with the fact that fittings for...
...in New York, Caroline Clarke describes the new town she is living in. She is most concerned with...
...land was miles beyond the built-up settlement at Chicago and was used mostly for farms, pasture, and...
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| 939 |
Libertyville, IL, Craig L. Pfannkuche(
Authored Entry
) ...merchants to fund a three-mile spur line into town in 1880. The resulting railroad boom led...
...side of the upper Des Plaines River along the Chicago-Milwaukee Road in 1835. Vardin thought that he...
...a sidewalk contractor and president of the Chicago City Council, constructed a large, porticoed...
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| 940 |
Settlement Houses, Louise Carroll Wade(
Authored Entry
) ...nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and Chicago's Hull House was the best-known settlement in...
...1889, Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr launched Hull House in Chicago. As word of these experiments...
...in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Chicago. Hull House inspired Charles Zueblin to organize...
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