| 651 |
Film Criticism, Elizabeth D. Schafer(
Authored Entry
) ...understood Siskel and Ebert's commentary, and Chicago's Museum of Broadcast Communications honored...
...them for making film criticism accessible to movie patrons. They won a Chicago Emmy Award and...
...were inducted into the Chicago Journalism Hall of Fame. A section of Erie Street was dedicated...
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| 652 |
Political Conventions, R. Craig Sautter(
Authored Entry
) ...with his spellbinding “Cross of Gold” speech and won the nomination on the fifth ballot. He lost a...
...next to Lincoln's. William Jennings Bryan, just 36 years old, captured the hearts of delegates...
...on the fourth ballot. Roosevelt flew to Chicago to deliver the first-ever convention acceptance...
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| 653 |
Water, Louis P. Cain(
Authored Entry
) ...was cheaper to build a new canal than enlarge the old one. Section 23 set the channel's capacity at...
...Chicago's unusual wastewater disposal history was conditioned by the location of...
...city at the juncture of Lake Michigan and the Chicago River . Initially, the city used the lake to...
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| 654 |
Austrians, Philip V. Bohlman(
Authored Entry
) ...to create a malleable identity. Austrians in Chicago therefore maintain a creative culture, one that...
...of Austrian identity, both in Austria and, especially during the twentieth century, in Chicago....
...ancestry at the end of the twentieth century, Chicago is, at least symbolically, the most Austrian...
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| 655 |
Condominiums and Cooperatives, Tracy Steffes(
Authored Entry
) ...of cooperatives can be found today in many parts of the city, including luxury co-ops on the Gold...
...Coast , middle-income co-ops in Hyde Park , senior co-ops on the North Side, and limited-equity co-...
...and offices in 1979. Photographer: Unknown. Source: Chicago Historical Society. FIGURE 1...
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| 656 |
Will County, Sarah S. Marcus(
Authored Entry
) ...The transportation ties that had linked the town of Chicago with the communities of Will County—...
...white settlement, Walker's Grove, near the present town of Plainfield . While Walker worked as a...
...flowed into Will County, especially the canal towns of Joliet and Lockport , hoping to profit from...
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| 657 |
Annexation, Louis P. Cain(
Authored Entry
) ...legislature for incorporation as a village, town, or city with more extensive powers to provide...
...At its founding in 1837, the city of Chicago encompassed little more than 10 square miles. It was...
...elections. Over the following two decades, Chicago, like many American cities, experienced numerous...
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| 658 |
Medical Societies and Journals, Christopher James Tassava(
Authored Entry
) ...CMS successfully accommodated specialist societies like the Chicago Pathological Society (founded...
...1878) and the Chicago Neurological Society ( founded 1898) by adopting in 1903 a federal-style...
...officers and financial matters to trustees. Chicago's medical community has had great regional and...
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| 659 |
Mail Delivery, Richard R. John(
Authored Entry
) ...out. For much of the twentieth century, the Chicago post office was the largest postal distribution...
...Government mail delivery in Chicago began in 1831 with the appointment of a fur trader as the first...
...passenger travel. The following year, the Chicago post office became a distribution center—testimony...
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| 660 |
Food Processing: Local Market, Bruce Kraig(
Authored Entry
) ...on Chicago-area streets. Photographer: Unknown. Source: University of Illinois at Chicago. FIGURE 1...
...the twentieth century, as an artifact of the old home delivery business. As the number of Chicago's...
...goods followed them. Although the process is old, there is no better example than Chicago's Latino...
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| 661 |
Aurora, IL, Catherine Bruck(
Authored Entry
) ...businesses, bridges, and dams. In 1854 a second town incorporated west of the river, and three years...
...than the west side, the river now divides the town through its general geographic center. Following...
...and repair shops in Aurora to become the town's largest employer until the 1960s. These businesses...
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| 662 |
Germans, Christiane Harzig(
Authored Entry
) ...to American society, and the respectability of the old fatherland. Generally these efforts were in...
...culturally, and economically active among Chicago's Germans in the late twentieth century were, for...
...after generation of German immigrants came to Chicago, constructing a multifaceted, vibrant ethnic...
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| 663 |
Planning, City and Regional, Lawrence Christmas(
Authored Entry
) ...tradition, the publication in 1909 of the Plan of Chicago, written by Daniel H. Burnham and Edward...
...H. Bennett, marked the birth of both city and regional planning in the Chicago metropolitan area....
...by the Commercial Club , an association of Chicago's most prominent business and professional...
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| 664 |
Jazz, William Howland Kenney(
Authored Entry
) ...Throughout the twentieth century, Chicago has played a leading role in the performance, recording,...
...of jazz. There are several reasons for Chicago's powerful musical influence. First, the city's...
...century popular-music styles associated with Chicago. Whereas New York's Tin Pan Alley dominated the...
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| 665 |
Dyer, IN, Jennifer Mrozowski(
Authored Entry
) ...New housing increased after problems with the town's wastewater treatment plant were solved. The...
...when the State Line House was built facing Old Sauk Trail. In 1857, Philadelphia book publisher...
...and Highland . Hart married Martha Dyer, who is the town's namesake. That year, the Michigan Central...
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| 666 |
Italians, Rudolph J. Vecoli(
Authored Entry
) ...the University of Illinois . While vestiges of old neighborhoods remained, by 1970 the majority of...
...Center. Rather than the face-to-face contacts of old neighborhoods, Italian radio and television...
...agendas. That the roots of Italian ethnicity in Chicago remain deeply buried in the soil of the...
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| 667 |
Seminaries, Martin E. Marty(
Authored Entry
) ...seminaries were similarly at home on the East Coast, for example in Philadelphia and Baltimore....
...Chicago boasts more theological seminaries of more denominations than any other American metropolis....
...As populations and churches moved west, Chicago became a strategic center, “halfway to everywhere. ”...
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| 668 |
Polka, Philip V. Bohlman(
Authored Entry
) ...than from arrangements—separates the performance practice of Chicago bands from those of other polka...
...centers. Chicago polka musicians further specify their style by singing in ethnic languages, even...
...Polish American musicians shaped the core of Chicago style, notably Eddie Zima, Władziu (“Li'l...
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| 669 |
Community Service Organizations, Jeffrey Charles(
Authored Entry
) ...diffusing charitable energy and resources, Chicago's myriad service organizations remain bulwarks of...
...Residents of metropolitan Chicago have a long and distinguished tradition of community service, and...
...Association (1843) and the male-dominated Chicago Relief Society (1850) gathered the upper classes...
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| 670 |
Philanthropy, Peter Frumkin(
Authored Entry
) ...twenty-first century, institutional giving in Chicago had grown to over $500 million, with more than...
...has left an enormous and lasting legacy in Chicago. It has enabled the establishment of numerous...
...the past century and a half, philanthropy in Chicago has slowly undergone a major transformation....
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