| 801 |
Telephony, Richard R. John(
Authored Entry
) ...of the strangest chapters in the history of Chicago telephony unfolded in 1992, when, following a...
...network of underground tunnels that bordered the Chicago River . Built almost a century earlier by...
...after the firm had failed—a dramatic, if unfortunate, legacy of Chicago's early telephone pioneers....
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| 802 |
Swimming, Robert Pruter(
Authored Entry
) ...largely retreated from sponsoring AAU teams. The Chicago Town Club, located in the Sheridan Hotel on...
...Chicago's elite athletic clubs and...
...YMCAs pioneered competitive swimming in Chicago during the 1890s. The Chicago Athletic Association,...
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| 803 |
Gentrification, Larry Bennett(
Authored Entry
) ...of middle-class house-seekers bought and restored old single-family dwellings, two- and three-flat...
...met resistance from homeowners and renovators seeking to retain the area's historic ambience. Old...
...Town was Chicago's first neighborhood to experience gentrification, as...
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| 804 |
Antiunionism, David Moberg(
Authored Entry
) ...George Pullman conceptualized his model factory town south of Chicago to avoid labor unrest, but,...
...the 1985 printing unions' strike at the Chicago Tribune. At the close of the twentieth century,...
...From the late nineteenth century on, Chicago was one of the most heavily unionized American cities,...
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| 805 |
Illinois Central Railroad, John P. Hankey(
Authored Entry
) ...Dubuque, Iowa. The company founded dozens of new towns in Illinois and made “colonization work” (...
...the economic and physical development of Illinois and Chicago. It was the primary link between the...
...Gulf of Mexico, providing access to the South for Chicago products and culture and a route north for...
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| 806 |
Ottawas, James M. McClurken(
Authored Entry
) ...the Ottawas, Chippewas, and Potawatomis from Chicago live on a reservation near Mayetta, Kansas, and...
...purchasing the land where Chicago stands from Old Northwest Territory tribes at the 1795 Treaty of...
...Ottawas first made the Chicago region their home in the mid-1700s, when they and the Chippewas...
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| 807 |
Munster, IN, Lance Trusty(
Authored Entry
) ...Munster was a mature and prosperous suburban town, home to a well-educated and largely professional...
...the Loop. In 1850 most of the site of the future town of Munster lay under the turbid waters of Cady...
...for the national market. Peter Klootwyck and town postmaster Jacob Munster operated small stores....
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| 808 |
Taiwanese, D. Bradford Hunt(
Authored Entry
) ...is a third; the Taiwanese largely avoided Chicago's Chinatown and instead sought campus and suburban...
...in the 1980s when the Taiwanese community in Chicago became more assertive in differentiating itself...
...for Taiwanese independence, has a chapter in Chicago. In May 1999, the city celebrated its first...
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| 809 |
Cook County Hospital, John Raffensperger(
Authored Entry
) ...number of patients at Cook County Hospital. i3442 Old Cook County Hospital, ca. 1900. Photographer:...
...which had been used as a reform school. The “Old County Hospital” opened in 1866 in the same...
...many of these physicians rebelled against the “old guard” who had run the hospital for years. In...
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| 810 |
Elk Grove Village, IL, David Buisseret(
Authored Entry
) ...53. This was in the southeastern corner of the old Elk Grove township, which took its name from the...
...Lake County Discovery Museum. FIGURE 1 i3542 “Old Main,” Elmhurst College, 1943. Photographer: Curt...
...Tollway also clipped off the northern section of the old grove. But in general the Elk Grove Forest...
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| 811 |
A Cosmopolitan Frontier, Ann Durkin Keating and Sarah S. Marcus(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Gallery)
) ...world at a critical juncture between the East Coast and settlement around the western Great Lakes...
...Interpretive Digital Essay : Globalization: Chicago and the...
...World Globalization: Chicago and the World Essay: Introduction Essay: Chicago in the Middle Ground...
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| 812 |
Reading the Plan, Carl Smith(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Essay)
) ...cipher of the Commercial Club are impressed in gold, and its cream-colored pages, gilded on the top...
...Drawings The Artistry of Guerin Mapping Chicago, old and new Even once one sits down to absorb the...
...the center of all the varied activities of Chicago will rise the towering dome of the Civic Center,...
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| 813 |
Housing Reform, Gail Radford(
Authored Entry
) ...however. George Pullman built his famous model town in the 1880s in part to demonstrate that good...
...century neared its end, housing reformers in Chicago struggled with these issues as they sought...
...In 1878 the Chicago Board of Health published its first reports on overcrowding and lack of...
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| 814 |
Built Environment in a Mercantile Metropolis, Ann Durkin Keating and Sarah S. Marcus(
Interpretive Digital Essay (Gallery)
) ...Interpretive Digital Essay : Globalization: Chicago and the...
...World Globalization: Chicago and the World...
...Essay: Introduction Essay: Chicago in the Middle Ground Map: Chicago's World—Within a Day's Travel...
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| 815 |
Cosmetics and Hair Care Products, Mark R. Wilson(
Authored Entry
) ...huge British-Dutch corporation. Of the several Chicago companies that had been so prominent in the...
...in annual sales and 16,000 employees worldwide—was still based in Chicago at the end of the century....
...Chicago residents participated in the rise of the cosmetics industry during the twentieth century...
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| 816 |
Children and the Law, Kriste Lindenmeyer(
Authored Entry
) ...Chicago was to Progressive-era children's rights advocates what Boston was to antebellum...
...leadership. Influential individuals from Chicago helped to redefine childhood and encouraged the...
...health , labor, education, and dependency. Chicago's meteoric growth from frontier settlement to...
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| 817 |
Chambers of Commerce, Jeffrey Charles(
Authored Entry
) ...commercial interests, sending members to towns across the country recruiting business, distributing...
...For most of the twentieth century, the city of Chicago had no organization named the Chamber of...
...and Industry played a key role in boosting Chicago and its business concerns. From its initial...
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| 818 |
Architecture: The City Beautiful Movement, Thomas S. Hines(
Authored Entry
) ...confidence enough to cease relying so heavily on Old World traditions. Burnham and his allies, by...
...a prolonged grand tour, looked upon his native Chicago as a “hideous monster, a piteous, floundering...
...would reach its apogee in his epochal Plan of Chicago (1909). Burnham's importance as an architect...
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| 819 |
Costa Ricans, Robert Morrissey(
Authored Entry
) ...Small businesses undertaken by Costa Ricans in Chicago have included restaurants , clothing stores,...
...as spiritual centers for Costa Ricans in Chicago, including St. Ita's Church (5500 N. Broadway) and...
...in Costa Rica. In the 1970s and 1980s, the Chicago Costa Rican community organized two soccer teams,...
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| 820 |
Park Districts, Julia Sniderman Bachrach(
Authored Entry
) ...of Lake Shore Drive. By the 1950s, the Chicago Park District was responsible for 169 parks totaling...
...200 small play lots were operated by the city of Chicago. In 1959, the two agencies entered into...
...park police were consolidated into the Chicago Police Department, the boulevards were transferred to...
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